The Football Common Data Format (CDF) Ontology
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The Football Common Data Format (CDF) Ontology

Release: 2025-07-31

Modified on: 2025-11-01
Latest version:
https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#
Revision:
1.0.0-alpha-2
Authors:
Fajar J. Ekaputra
Contributors:
Gregor Kaefer
Matthias Kempe
Download serialization:
JSON-LD RDF/XML N-Triples TTL
License:
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Visualization:
Visualize with WebVowl
Cite as:
Fajar J. Ekaputra. The Football Common Data Format (CDF) Ontology. Revision: 1.0.0-alpha-2.
Ontology Specification Draft

Introduction back to ToC

The Football Common Data Format (FCDF) Ontology is an RDF-based serialisation of the Football CDF (https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.15820), a community-driven effort seeks to standardise and synchronise football data representations to enable interoperability and reduce heterogeneity.

Namespace declarations

Table 1: Namespaces used in the document
fcdf<https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#>
owl<http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>
rdf<http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>
rdfs<http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
terms<http://purl.org/dc/terms/>
vann<http://purl.org/vocab/vann/>
xml<http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace>
xsd<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>

The Football Common Data Format (CDF) Ontology: Overview back to ToC

This ontology has the following classes and properties.

Classes

Object Properties

Data Properties

The Football Common Data Format (CDF) Ontology: Description back to ToC

An ontology serialization of the Football Common Data Format (CDF). Currently in alpha version, focusing on Match Sheet, Event, and Match Metadata.

Cross-reference for The Football Common Data Format (CDF) Ontology classes, object properties and data properties back to ToC

This section provides details for each class and property defined by The Football Common Data Format (CDF) Ontology.

Classes

Cardc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#Card

A card event that occurs during the match.
has super-classes
Whistle c
is in domain of
card_type dp
is in range of
event_cards op

Competitionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#Competition

The competition in which the match is played.
is in range of
competition op

Eventc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#Event

An event that occurs during the match.
has sub-classes
Miscellaneous Event c, Pass c, Shot c, Whistle c
is in domain of
body_part dp, event_period dp, outcome_type dp, player_id op, related_event_ids op, sub_type dp, time dp, type dp, x dp, x_end dp, y dp, y_end dp
is in range of
events op, related_event_ids op

Goalc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#Goal

A goal event that occurs during the match.
has super-classes
Shot c
is in domain of
assist_id op, is_own_goal dp, is_penalty dp
is in range of
event_goals op

Matchc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#Match

A football (soccer) match between two teams.
is in domain of
Kickoff Time dp, competition op, event_cards op, event_goals op, event_substitutions op, events op, match_result op, match_status op, referee op, season op, team_away op, team_home op, video_metadata op

Match Resultc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#Match_Result

The result of the match.
is in domain of
result_away dp, result_home dp, result_period dp
is in range of
match_result op

Match Statusc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#Match_Status

The status of the match.
is in domain of
has_extratime dp, has_shootout dp, is_neutral dp
is in range of
match_status op

metadatac back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#Meta

Metadata information related to the match video.
is in domain of
Collection_Timing dp, fps dp, vendor dp, version dp
is in range of
video_metadata op

Miscellaneous Eventc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#Misc

A miscellaneous event that occurs during the match.
has super-classes
Event c
is in domain of
misc_outcome_type dp, misc_type dp

Passc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#Pass

A pass event that occurs during the match.
has super-classes
Event c
is in domain of
pass_outcome_type dp, receiver_id op, receiver_time dp

Playerc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#Player

A football (soccer) player participating in the match.
is in domain of
has_played dp, is_starter dp, jersey_number dp
is in range of
assist_id op, out_player_id op, player_id op, players op, receiver_id op

Refereec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#Referee

The referee officiating the match.
is in range of
referee op

Seasonc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#Season

The season during which the match takes place.
is in range of
season op

Shotc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#Shot

A shot event that occurs during the match.
has super-classes
Event c
has sub-classes
Goal c
is in domain of
pass_type dp, shot_outcome_type dp, shot_type dp

Subtitutionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#Subtitution

A substitution event that occurs during the match.
has super-classes
Whistle c
is in domain of
out_player_id op, out_time dp
is in range of
event_substitutions op

Teamc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#Team

A football (soccer) team participating in the match.
is in domain of
players op
is in range of
team_away op, team_home op, team_id op

Vendorc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#Vendor

The vendor providing the data.

Whistlec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#Whistle

A referee event that occurs during the match.
has super-classes
Event c
has sub-classes
Card c, Subtitution c
is in domain of
whistle_outcome_type dp, whistle_type dp

Object Properties

assist_idop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#assist_id

The player who provided the assist for the goal.
has domain
Goal c
has range
Player c

competitionop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#competition

The competition in which the match is played.
has domain
Match c
has range
Competition c

event_cardsop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#events_cards

The card events that occur during the match.
has super-properties
events op
has domain
Match c
has range
Card c

event_goalsop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#events_goals

The goal events that occur during the match.
has super-properties
events op
has domain
Match c
has range
Goal c

event_substitutionsop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#events_subtitutions

The substitution events that occur during the match.
has super-properties
events op
has domain
Match c
has range
Subtitution c

eventsop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#events

The events that occur during the match.
has sub-properties
event_cards op, event_goals op, event_substitutions op
has domain
Match c
has range
Event c

match_resultop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#match_result

The result of the match.
has domain
Match c
has range
Match Result c

match_statusop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#match_status

The status of the match.
has domain
Match c
has range
Match Status c

out_player_idop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#out_player_id

The player who is substituted out.
has domain
Subtitution c
has range
Player c

player_idop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#player_id

The player associated with the event.
has domain
Event c
has range
Player c

playersop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#players

The players that are part of the team.
has domain
Team c
has range
Player c

receiver_idop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#receiver_id

The player who received the pass.
has domain
Pass c
has range
Player c

refereeop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#referee

The referee officiating the match.
has domain
Match c
has range
Referee c

seasonop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#season

The season during which the match takes place.
has domain
Match c
has range
Season c

team_awayop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#teams_away

The away team participating in the match.
has domain
Match c
has range
Team c

team_homeop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#teams_home

The home team participating in the match.
has domain
Match c
has range
Team c

team_idop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#team_id

The team associated with an event or player.
has range
Team c

video_metadataop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#meta_video

Metadata related to the match video.
has domain
Match c
has range
metadata c

Data Properties

body_partdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#body_part

Denotes the body part used by player_id which can take on the values: left_foot, right_foot, head, or other
has domain
Event c
has range
string

card_typedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#card_type

'yellow', 'red', 'second_yellow'
has domain
Card c
has range
string

Collection_Timingdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#collection_timing

The date and time when the data was collected.
has domain
metadata c
has range
date Time

event_perioddp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#event_period

'first_half', 'second_half', 'first_half_extratime', 'second_half_extratime', 'shootout'
has domain
Event c
has range
string

fpsdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#fps

The frame rate of the video.
has domain
metadata c
has range
integer

has_extratimedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#has_extratime

Indicates if the match has gone into extra time.
has domain
Match Status c
has range
boolean

has_playeddp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#has_played

Indicates if the player has played in the match.
has domain
Player c
has range
boolean

has_shootoutdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#has_shootout

Indicates if the match has gone into a shootout.
has domain
Match Status c
has range
boolean

iddp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#id

A unique identifier for the entity.
has range
string

is_neutraldp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#is_neutral

Indicates if the match is played on neutral ground.
has domain
Match Status c
has range
boolean

is_own_goaldp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#is_own_goal

Indicates if the goal was an own goal.
has domain
Goal c
has range
boolean

is_penaltydp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#is_penalty

Indicates if the goal was scored from a penalty kick.
has domain
Goal c
has range
boolean

is_starterdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#is_starter

Indicates if the player is in the starting lineup.
has domain
Player c
has range
boolean

jersey_numberdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#jersey_number

The jersey number of the player.
has domain
Player c
has range
integer

Kickoff Timedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#kickoff_time

The date and time when the match starts.
has domain
Match c
has range
date Time

misc_outcome_typedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#misc_outcome_type

'successful', 'unsuccessful'
has super-properties
outcome_type dp
has domain
Miscellaneous Event c
has range
string

misc_typedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#misc_type

'other_ball_action', 'chance_without_shot', 'tackle'
has super-properties
sub_type dp
has domain
Miscellaneous Event c
has range
string

namedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#name

The name of the entity.
has range
string

out_timedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#out_time

The date and time when the player is substituted out.
has domain
Subtitution c
has range
date Time

outcome_typedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#outcome_type

Detailed event outcome options: shot (successful, saved, blocked, wide, woodwork, own_goal); pass (successful, out_of_play, intercepted); referee (start, end, injury, yellow_card, red_card, second_yellow_card); misc (successful, unsuccessful)
has sub-properties
misc_outcome_type dp, pass_outcome_type dp, shot_outcome_type dp
has domain
Event c
has range
string

pass_outcome_typedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#pass_outcome_type

'successful', 'out_of_play', 'intercepted',
has super-properties
outcome_type dp
has domain
Pass c
has range
string

pass_typedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#pass_type

'None', 'throw_in', 'free_kick', 'corner_kick', 'goal_kick', 'kick_off'
has super-properties
sub_type dp
has domain
Shot c
has range
string

receiver_timedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#receiver_time

The date and time when the pass was received.
has domain
Pass c
has range
date Time

result_awaydp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#result_away

The number of goals scored by the away team.
has domain
Match Result c
has range
integer

result_homedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#result_home

The number of goals scored by the home team.
has domain
Match Result c
has range
integer

result_perioddp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#result_period

'final', 'first_half', 'second_half', 'first_half_extratime', 'second_half_extratime', 'shootout'
has domain
Match Result c
has range
string

shot_outcome_typedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#shot_outcome_type

'successful', 'saved', 'blocked', 'wide', 'woodwork', 'own_goal',
has super-properties
outcome_type dp
has domain
Shot c
has range
string

shot_typedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#shot_type

'None', 'penalty_kick', 'free_kick', 'corner_kick',
has super-properties
sub_type dp
has domain
Shot c
has range
string

sub_typedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#sub_type

Name of the event subtype, which can be for shot (None, penalty_kick, free_kick, corner_kick); pass (None, throw_in, free_kick, corner_kick, goal_kick, kick_off); referee (final_whistle, foul, caution, offside, substitution, player_on, player_off); misc (other_ball_action, chance_without_shot, tackle)
has sub-properties
misc_type dp, pass_type dp, shot_type dp, whistle_type dp
has domain
Event c
has range
string

timedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#time

The date and time when the event occurs.
has domain
Event c
has range
date Time

typedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#type

'shot', 'substitution', 'card', 'pass', 'shootout'
has domain
Event c
has range
string

vendordp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#vendor

The vendor providing the data.
has domain
metadata c
has range
string

versiondp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#version

The version of the metadata.
has domain
metadata c
has range
string

whistle_outcome_typedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#whistle_outcome_type

'start', 'end', 'injury', 'yellow_card', 'red_card', 'second_yellow_card'
has domain
Whistle c
has range
string

whistle_typedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#whistle_type

'final_whistle', 'foul', 'caution', 'offside', 'substitution', 'player_on', 'player_off'
has super-properties
sub_type dp
has domain
Whistle c
has range
string

xdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#x

The x-coordinate of the event on the pitch.
has domain
Event c
has range
float

x_enddp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#x_end

The ending x-coordinate of the event on the pitch.
has domain
Event c
has range
float

ydp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#y

The x-coordinate of the event on the pitch.
has domain
Event c
has range
float

y_enddp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/football-cdf/core#y_end

The ending y-coordinate of the event on the pitch.
has domain
Event c
has range
float

Legend back to ToC

c: Classes
op: Object Properties
dp: Data Properties

References back to ToC

Add your references here. It is recommended to have them as a list.

Acknowledgments back to ToC

The authors would like to thank Silvio Peroni for developing LODE, a Live OWL Documentation Environment, which is used for representing the Cross Referencing Section of this document and Daniel Garijo for developing Widoco, the program used to create the template used in this documentation.